![]() In 1857, he began attending the Free Municipal School of Drawing in Aix, where he studied drawing under Joseph Gibert, a Spanish monk. He stayed there for six years, though in the last two years he was a day scholar. Zola urged him to take poetry more seriously, but Cézanne saw it as just a pastime. They debated art, read Homer and Virgil and practiced writing their own poems. It was probably the most carefree time of his life as the friends swam and fished on the banks of the Arc. In 1852 Cézanne entered the Collège Bourbon in Aix (now Collège Mignet), where he became friends with Émile Zola, who was in a less advanced class, as well as Baptistin Baille-three friends who came to be known as "Les Trois Inséparables" (The Three Inseparables). Classmates were the later sculptor Philippe Solari and Henri Gasquet, father of the writer Joachim Gasquet, who was to publish his book Cézanne in 1921, a testament to the life of the artist. Īt the age of ten Cézanne entered the Saint Joseph school in Aix. He also had two younger sisters, Marie and Rose, with whom he went to a primary school every day. It was from her that Cézanne got his conception and vision of life. His mother, Anne Elisabeth Honorine Aubert (1814–1897), was "vivacious and romantic, but quick to take offence". His father, Louis Auguste Cézanne (1798–1886), a native of Saint-Zacharie ( Var), was the co-founder of a banking firm (Banque Cézanne et Cabassol) that prospered throughout the artist's life, affording him financial security that was unavailable to most of his contemporaries and eventually resulting in a large inheritance. On 22 February, he was baptized in the Église de la Madeleine, with his grandmother and uncle Louis as godparents, and became a devout Catholic later in life. Paul Cézanne was born on 19 January 1839 in Aix-en-Provence. The Cézannes came from the commune of Saint-Sauveur (Hautes-Alpes, Occitania). His youngest sister Rose was born in June 1854. His parents only married after the birth of Paul and his sister Marie (born 1841) on 29 January 1844. Paul Cézanne was born the son of the milliner and later banker Louis-Auguste Cézanne and Anne-Elisabeth-Honorine Aubert at 28 rue de l'Opera in Aix-en-Provence. The Overture to Tannhäuser: The Artist's Mother and Sister, 1868, Hermitage Museum, St. In 1895, Vollard opened the first solo exhibition in his Paris gallery, which led to a broader examination of the artist's work. Until the late 1890s it was mainly fellow artists such as Camille Pissarro and the art dealer and gallery owner Ambroise Vollard who discovered Cézanne's work and were among the first to buy his paintings. ![]() His painting provoked incomprehension and ridicule in contemporary art criticism. Both Henri Matisse and Pablo Picasso are said to have remarked that Cézanne "is the father of us all". The paintings convey Cézanne's intense study of his subjects. He used planes of colour and small brushstrokes that build up to form complex fields. Cézanne's often repetitive, exploratory brushstrokes are highly characteristic and clearly recognizable. Cézanne strived for a renewal of traditional design methods on the basis of the impressionistic colour space and colour modulation principles. He altered conventional approaches to perspective and broke established rules of academic art by emphasizing the underlying structure of objects in a composition and the formal qualities of art. While his early works are still influenced by Romanticism – such as the murals in the Jas de Bouffan country house – and Realism, Cézanne arrived at a new pictorial language through intensive examination of Impressionist forms of expression. Cézanne is said to have formed the bridge between late 19th-century Impressionism and the early 20th century's new line of artistic enquiry, Cubism. ![]() Paul Cézanne ( / s eɪ ˈ z æ n/ say- ZAN, also UK: / s ɪ ˈ z æ n/ sə- ZAN, US: / s eɪ ˈ z ɑː n/ say- ZAHN French: 19 January 1839 – 22 October 1906) was a French artist and Post-Impressionist painter whose work introduced new modes of representation and influenced avant garde artistic movements of the early 20th century.
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